CozyDev

Stay curious

Project Management

Paths to Become a PM APM/RPM Internal Shift Shift roles within same domain or industry Pursue MBA Create viral content Create competing product Join bootcamp to launch product Your Product Manager Resume 5 to 15secs for Recruiter to decide Key words Convience them you will make it Recruiter or HR is your friend No generic resume, customise it to look like PM Tips Impact is everything, no content 不要

PARA method

projects, areas, resources and archive

PARA system - build a second brain - GTD Projects Tasks Notes Areas Resources Archive

corny | cliche

What are the differences

Cliche This describes something that is overused and unoriginal. It could be a plot device, a phrase, a character type, or anything that’s been done so many times it feels predictable. Corny This also describes something unoriginal, but with an added layer of sentimentality or sappiness. It can also be simply uncool or embarrassing. Think of a cheesy pick-up line or an overly dramatic love story. Analogy Cliché is like reheated leftovers - they’re familiar but not exciting.

encompass | include

What are the differences

Encompass Meaning: To include something completely or comprehensively. Connotation: Suggests a broader, more inclusive scope. Example: “The course encompasses various writing styles.” Include Meaning: To have something as a part of a group or whole. Connotation: Suggests that something is simply part of a larger set. Example: “The book includes a glossary.” In essence Include is about being part of a group. Encompass is about completely covering or containing something. Summary Include focuses on the idea of something being present within a larger entity.

ban | forbid | bar

What are the differences

Ban This is the most general term for something being prohibited, often by law or official rule. It implies a complete restriction. Example: “The city council voted to ban smoking in all public parks.” Forbid This suggests a prohibition with an element of authority. It’s often used for someone in a position of power telling someone else what they can’t do. Example: “My parents forbade me from going to that party.

promotion | preferment

What are the differences

Promotion: This is the more general term for moving to a higher position or rank within a hierarchy. It focuses on the official advancement in job title, responsibilities, and often, salary. Promotion can be based on merit, seniority, or a combination of factors. Preferment: This word implies a stronger element of favoritism or advantage. Someone is given preference over others for a promotion or advancement. It suggests that the person receiving preferment might not necessarily be the most qualified, but may have some kind of influence or special connection.

Veblen Effect

The Veblen effect describes a situation in economics where the demand for a good actually increases as the price goes up. This seems to defy the normal laws of supply and demand, where typically, higher prices lead to lower demand. Reasons why the Veblen effect might happen: Conspicuous consumption People buy these goods to show off their wealth and status. A higher price tag can make the good seem more exclusive and desirable, which increases its appeal to some consumers.

X Window System

LPI (subject 106)

Linux 系統的標準GUI是 X Window System,通常簡稱為X。目前發行的版本通常為 X Version 11 Release 7,這版本通常稱為X11R7.4或X11。以GNU Public License 條款發

apparent | obvious

What are the differences

Apparent Something apparent can be clearly seen or understood, but it leaves a little more room for doubt or the possibility that things might not be exactly as they seem. There were apparent scratches on the table, but it was hard to tell if they were permanent. It became increasingly apparent that he wasn’t telling the whole truth. Obvious Something obvious is so clear and easy to understand that it’s practically impossible to miss.

Linux System Files

/etc/fstab Filesystem Table, default in 644 mode Structure # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> fstab 主要有六個欄位: File System: 需要掛載的裝置(硬碟、Partitions、外接光碟機等等)。 Mount Poin

surpass | overtake

What are the differences

Surpass Emphasizes being better or exceeding expectations. It suggests going beyond in quality, skill, or achievement. Example: Her artistic talent surpassed that of all her classmates. Overtake Emphasizes physically moving past something, often in a race or competition. It doesn’t necessarily imply being better, just moving ahead. Example: “The runner in the red jersey overtook his opponents in the final stretch.” Summary Feature Surpass Overtake Meaning Be better than, exceed expectations Go past something physically Implication of quality Yes (better) No Context Skills, achievements, qualities Races, competitions, movement

vestigial | residual

What are the differences

Vestigial A biological term used for organs or structures in an organism that have lost most or all of their original function through evolution. These are remnants from a past ancestor that no longer serve a purpose in the current form of the organism. Examples include the human appendix, the wings of flightless birds, or the pelvic bones of snakes. Residual A more general term meaning “remaining” or “left over” from something else.

Cigar Aficionado

Most expensive: Gurkha Cigars, Cohiba

Hold'em

WSOP WPT Fish HUD VPIP:Voluntary Put Money In Pot Bluff PFR: Pre-Flop Raise AF: Aggression Factor BB CO UTG MP pot

allegation | accusation

What are the differences

Strength of Claim An allegation is a weaker claim than an accusation. It’s a statement that someone did something wrong, but there’s no guarantee it’s true. An accusation is a stronger claim, implying a belief that the wrongdoing is true. Evidence Allegations don’t necessarily require evidence, while accusations often do. Someone might make an allegation based on suspicion or hearsay, but an accusation usually comes with some kind of proof.

sarcasm | satire

What are the differences

Target Sarcasm is a direct attack, often aimed at a specific person or situation. It uses mockery to belittle or criticize. Satire, on the other hand, is broader. It uses humor and exaggeration to comment on social, political, or cultural issues. Length Sarcasm is usually delivered in a short jab, like a sarcastic remark. Satire is a more developed critique, often taking the form of a story, essay, cartoon, or even a whole play or film.

succint | concise

What are the differences

Concise This emphasizes getting straight to the point and avoiding unnecessary words. It focuses on delivering the essential information clearly and efficiently. Succinct This emphasizes using the absolute minimum number of words possible while still being clear. It suggests an even greater level of brevity than concise, almost to the point of being pithy. Analogy Think of concise as a well-edited essay that removes fluff and focuses on the main points.

hesitate | balk

What are the differences

Hesitate A more general term for pausing or having doubts before acting. It suggests a moment of indecision, weighing the pros and cons. “I hesitated before answering the difficult question.” Balk A stronger reluctance or even refusal to move forward. It can suggest a sudden stop or resistance due to fear, disapproval, or surprise. “The horse balked at the jump, refusing to go over.” Analogy Hesitation is like a yellow traffic light - you slow down and consider, but might still proceed.

prediction | prophecy

What are the differences

Source Prediction: Based on evidence, logic, or analysis of data. Think weather forecasts or stock market trends. Prophecy: Claimed to come from divine inspiration or supernatural insight. It’s often associated with religious figures or texts. Certainty Prediction: Usually presented with probabilities or ranges of possibilities. “There’s a 70% chance of rain tomorrow.” Prophecy: Often portrayed as pronouncements that will definitely come true. “The chosen one will bring peace to the land.

hate | detest | loathe

What are the differences

Hate This is the strongest word of the three. It conveys a deep-seated emotional aversion, often accompanied by anger, hostility, or even disgust. You might hate someone who has wronged you terribly, or a particular activity you find unbearable. Detest This word suggests a strong dislike based on disapproval or moral objection. You might detest someone’s cruel behavior or a practice you find unethical. It’s less emotionally charged than hate.

arrest | apprehend

What are the differences

Legality Arrest is a legal term with specific procedures. It usually requires probable cause to believe a crime has been committed. Apprehend is a broader term that can refer to taking someone into custody for any reason, not necessarily criminal. Formality Arrest is a formal process with specific rights for the person being arrested. Apprehension can be more informal, like stopping someone suspected of shoplifting. Context Arrest is most commonly used in law enforcement situations.

dominant | predominant

What are the differences

Dominant Emphasizes control or power. It suggests that something is clearly the strongest or most important element. For example, a dominant personality is one that tends to take charge and control situations. Or, a dominant force in the market is a company that has a much larger share than its competitors. Predominant Emphasizes prevalence or quantity. It suggests that something is the most frequent or common, but it doesn’t necessarily imply control.

drunk | intoxicated

What are the differences

Both “drunk” and “intoxicated” describe a state caused by consuming alcohol or other substances that impair your body and mind. Level of intoxication “Drunk” often implies a more severe state of intoxication. Someone who is drunk might have slurred speech, stumble while walking, or have difficulty thinking clearly. Informal vs. formal “Drunk” is a more informal term, commonly used in everyday conversation. “Intoxicated” has a more formal tone and might be used in legal contexts or medical reports.

officiate | host

What are the differences

Officiate: Focuses on presiding over a formal ceremony or ritual. Ensures the ceremony follows established procedures and traditions. Often has a specific authority to perform the ceremony, like legal power in a wedding or religious authority in a religious ceremony. A judge officiating a wedding, a priest officiating a baptism. Host Focuses on creating a welcoming and enjoyable atmosphere at an event. Manages the flow and logistics of the event, including introductions, announcements, and entertainment.

scold | blame | admonish | chide

What are the differences

Scold Most intense and informal. Focuses on sharp criticism and often delivered angrily or with frustration. Targets a specific behavior or action. Aims to correct the person’s behavior in the moment. Can be used for minor or major offenses. “I scolded my child for running into the street.” (Focuses on immediate correction) Blame Focuses on assigning responsibility for a negative outcome. Can be directed towards a person, object, or situation. Often carries a stronger sense of accusation than scolding.

apparent | obvious

What are the differences

Obvious Something obvious is completely clear and leaves no room for doubt. It’s a fact that everyone can easily agree on. Apparent Something apparent seems clear and easy to understand, but there might be a chance it’s not entirely true or accurate. It’s based on what we can see on the surface. Sentences It’s obvious the earth is round. (There’s a lot of evidence to support this fact.) There are apparent scratches on the table, but they might just be dirt.

anatomize | dissect

What are the differences

Dissect Focuses on the physical act of carefully cutting something apart to examine its internal structure. This is typically done with a scalpel in a biological context, but it can also be used metaphorically for breaking something down into its component parts. Anatomize Implies a deeper analysis beyond just the physical separation. It involves examining the structure and relationships between the parts, often with the goal of understanding how something works as a whole.

contentment | satisfaction

What are the differences

Satisfaction Often tied to a specific need or desire being fulfilled. You might feel satisfied after eating a delicious meal because your hunger is gone. It’s a feeling of completion and accomplishment. Contentment More general feeling of peace and acceptance with your current situation. You’re happy with things as they are, even if you’re not actively pursuing anything new. Analogy Imagine a delicious cake. If you eat a slice and feel happy and full, you’re satisfied.

taint | pollute

What are the differences

Taint Taint emphasizes the loss of purity or cleanliness. It suggests something that was once good or innocent has been spoiled or corrupted, even by a small amount of contamination. This can be literal, like tainted meat with bacteria, or metaphorical, like a reputation tainted by scandal. Pollute Pollute implies a more complete and severe contamination. It often refers to the introduction of harmful or poisonous substances that make something unfit for its original purpose.

course | trajectory

What are the differences

Course Planned Path: A course is a predetermined path or route that something is intended to follow. It’s often used in contexts where there’s a deliberate plan or direction. Examples: The pilot plotted a course to avoid the storm. (Predetermined flight path) I'm taking a cooking course to learn new recipes. (Planned series of lessons) The river's course winds through the valley. (Established pathway) Trajectory Actual Path: A trajectory is the actual path something follows as it moves, regardless of intention.

unpleasant | unsavory

What are the differences

Both “unpleasant” and “unsavoury” describe something negative, but they have some subtle differences: Unpleasant: This is a general term for something that is disagreeable, annoying, or uncomfortable. It can refer to anything from a bad smell to a rude person. Unsavoury: This word is stronger than unpleasant and suggests something morally reprehensible, disgusting, or suggestive of corruption. It often implies something that is offensive or upsetting on a deeper level. Illustrate the difference:

Stocks | Equities

What are the differences

Ownership Representation: Stock: Stock represents ownership in a specific company. When you buy stock in a company, you become a shareholder, which means you own a portion of that company. Example: If you purchase 100 shares of Apple stock (AAPL), you own a small portion of Apple Inc. Equity: Equity refers to the ownership interest in a company’s assets after deducting liabilities. It represents the residual value available to shareholders after all debts have been paid.

Security DMP

What are the key aspects?

DMP (Design for Manufacturing and Testability) techniques and methodologies aimed at enhancing the testability and manufacturability of integrated circuits. Security DMP Incorporates security considerations into the design process to ensure that the manufactured chips are resistant to various forms of attacks and unauthorized access. Key aspects of security DMP: Secure Test Access Mechanisms Ensures only authorized entities can access the test features of the chip. Secure mechanisms invoke: Implementing authentication Encryption mechanisms Tamper Resistance Protect against physical attacks: probing or tampering with the chip during testing or operation.

Ultimate Frisbee

Also call as Ultimate History

The seven wonders

There are actually two famous lists you might be referring to: The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World The New Seven Wonders of the World. The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World were incredible structures built thousands of years ago, but only one remains standing today. The Great Pyramid of Giza (the only one still standing) The New Seven Wonders of the World, on the other hand, were chosen by a global vote in 2007.

Quantum dot

量子點 (quantum dot) 量子點 (quantum dot)是奈米級半導體顆粒,由於其尺寸和成分而表現出獨特的光學和電子特性。 它們通常是由半導體材料製成的微小晶體,例如: 硒化

git rerere

git rerere 是 Git 中的一個功能,全名是 “reuse recorded resolution” 意思是重複使用已記錄的解決方案。當你在合併分支或應用補丁時,常常會遇到需要手動解決的衝突情況。但是如果你在

git stash

在開發軟體時,可能會遇到一種情境:當某個系統開發已經進行到一半,突然被老闆或客戶「插隊」,需要緊急修正一個現有系統的 Bug 或添加一個功能。 這時候

store | stash

What are the differences

Store 和 stash 都有存放的意思 Store 通常指將物品放置在一個地方以供未來使用或保管。這個詞通常用於描述將物品儲存在特定的地方或容器中,以便日後取用。 “I need to store

Power Optimization Techniques

Tricks across frontend to backend

Techniques to optimize design power Clock tree optimization and clock gating Portions of the clock tree(s) that aren’t being used at any particular time are disabled. Operand isolation Reduce power dissipation in datapath blocks controlled by an enable signal; when the datapath element is not active, prevent it from switching. Logic restructuring Move high switching operations up in the logic cone, and low switching operations back in the logic cone; a gate-level dynamic power optimization technique.

Data Structure

Various structures

Linked List Linked list swap file system read CMD pointer manipulate

Linux Kernal

Deep dive into the largest open source program

What is Linux Kernal The kernal is a program Often with a name like vmlinuz- Loaded a run by a noot loader, like GRUB(linux) GRUB GRUB: Load the Kernal program from disk to memory, and transfer the control to kernal GRUB comes after Power-On-self-Test(POST) The Kernal is an API System calls Virtual file system entries (not really a directory) proc sys debugfs Device files(standard system calls, read, write, open,…etc) The

DFT Basics

Wafer level testing (Wafer Sort) Burn_in Testing (elevate voltage and temperature) x-axis (clock period) y-axis (Vdd) Final test(pass/fail) and Bin Sorting Parametric Tests(voltage, temperature and clock) Shmoo plot Wafer Sort | probe test Testing on the wafer (before diced) Check open/short on the pads Measure gate threshold, ploy sheet resistence,…etc Testing with probe cards cost 50~100k dollar depends on the yield and the cost of the packaging (economic problem) DC

IEEE P1687 IJTAG

What are the differences

ICL ICL 檔案代表 Instrument Connectivity Language,用於描述測試儀器與待測晶片之間的連接資訊。 測試儀器的類型和配置 待測晶片的測試引腳 測試儀器與待測晶片之間的連

Verification | Testing

What are the differences

Verification Testing Verifies correctness of the design Verifies correctness of manufactured hardware Performed by simulation, hardware emulation or formal methods Test generation and test application Performed once prior to manufacturing Test application performed on every manufactured device Reponsible for quality of the design Responsible for quality of devices

FIR forms: direct | transpose

一種常用的濾波器,其結構可分為direct和transpose

面積 在面積方面,direct form的結構比較簡單,只需要一個乘法器和一個加法器,因此面積比較小。而transpose form的結構比較複雜

attain | achieve | accomplish

What are the differences

Attain: Attain強調達到某種目標或獲得某種地位、成就,通常帶有一定的努力或困難。 He finally attained a high score in the exam, which had been his dream for many years. 他終於在考試中取得了高分,這

imperative | declarative

The differences in programming styles

Imperative HOW you do something Imperative programming is a paradigm describing HOW the program should do something by explicitly specifying each instruction (or statement) step by step, which mutate the program’s state. Functional programming 是 Declarative Paradigm 的代表,邏輯為用較為抽象的程式碼,理解程式碼想要達到怎樣的目標,F

API models: gRPC | OpenAPI | REST

What are the differences

gRPC 適合需要高效率、強類型、低延遲的系統,特別適用於微服務架構的內部通訊。 OpenAPI 主要用於定義和文檔化 API,提供簡單的工具來自動化生成代碼和文檔。

Gerrit

Code Owners OWNERS file can sit in every directory layer in the repository